Green Port Development and Maritime Decarbonization: Insights from Sustainability Initiatives at the Port of Rotterdam

Abstract

Sustainability has become a central concern in the maritime logistics industry as ports face increasing pressure to reduce environmental impacts while maintaining efficient supply chain operations. Green port strategies have emerged as an important approach for promoting environmentally sustainable port management and supporting the transition toward low-carbon maritime logistics systems. This study aims to explore the implementation of green port strategies and their role in supporting sustainable maritime supply chains at the Port of Rotterdam. A qualitative research approach was employed using a case study design to examine sustainability initiatives implemented at the port. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in port logistics operations, supported by document analysis of sustainability reports and policy documents related to port environmental programs. The findings indicate that renewable energy adoption, digital logistics systems, and collaborative stakeholder initiatives play a crucial role in advancing sustainable port operations. The study also identifies several challenges associated with green port implementation, including high infrastructure investment costs, technological transition barriers, and the need for coordination among multiple maritime stakeholders. The results highlight the importance of integrated sustainability strategies that combine technological innovation, policy support, and stakeholder collaboration to achieve effective maritime decarbonization. This research contributes to the growing literature on green port development and provides practical insights for port authorities and logistics managers seeking to implement sustainable maritime supply chain strategies